ڷ>>>>>> 9. ÿ ( )

ABC ü

ü

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U-V-W-X-Y-Z

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U-V-W-X-Y-Z

G

Gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG)

鸮Ͼ

ڿ迡 ʴ (̿). ̾յ(diamond) 缮(׾)μ ˷ ִ.

ڿܼ(ӭ) () Ÿ GGG(). CZ.

7. ռ (Synthetic & Simulant Gemstones)
2. Ư >>> 4. Diamond
 

Gagate

Ʈ
(, )

(jet) ˷ ִ ȭȭ ź(fossilized coal)̴.

2. Ư >>> 131. Jet

Gahnite

ƿ ÷()
(Ʈ)

Automolite Ѵ. ƿ ÷(spinel) 꼺ȭϿ ȸü ȴ(=>Spinel group). , Ǵ . ַ ȭ ׸ŸƮ 󿡼 ȴ.

  • : (ͧ)
  • 浵 : 7.5-8
  • : 4.4-4.6
  • ȭ : ZnAl2O4
  • : , ,
  • () : ȸ
  • : Sri Lanka

2. Ư >>> 16. Spinel
 

Gahnospinel

뽺dz
(û ÷, )

Gahnospinel ƿ(zinc) ű״(magnesium) Է û ÷(spinel)̴. ̰ κ ÷κ ߰ (refractive index)θ  ִ. 뽺dz 浵 8, 3.97̴. ȭ (Mg, Zn)Al2O 4̴.

2. Ư >>> 16. Spinel
 

Galalith

(imitation) Ǵ Ǵ ΰ Ų.
 

Garnet

(״)
()

ݱͼ(semi-precious) Ի꿰(Щ߫, silicate) پ ϰ ִ(û ȴ). ȫ(, pyrope), ͼ(, almandine), ( , spessartine), ׷ν(grossular, 켮), īŬ(carbuncle)̶ ϴ ö-ӳ(iron-aluminum) £ , ȸũ (, uvarovite)(ϴ) ִ 뼮(andradite)(ġ ִ ̵(demantoid), Ʈ(topazolite) ᷯƮ(melanite) Եȴ) Ϻ ȴ. 1 ź(birthstone)̴.

õδ , ſ پѵ, ̵ 2 Ǵ ü(ͳ, solid solution) ̷ Ƿ, з ϰ ִ ̸ θ. к зϸ .

ۿ ̳  Ͽ ̸ ִµ, Ÿ̴Ͼ(titanium) ణ Ͽ ȸö 漮(melanite), ϻ() 뼮(demantoid), ణ ö Ͽ ȸݼ ҳƮ(hessonite)(켮 ), () 輮(cinnamon stone)̶ Ѵ.

ȷ̾(Malaia)

׷ν(Grossular)

, , Ȳ, ȫ Ǵ

̷(Pyrope)

, ȫ Ǵ

̷ ٸյ
(Pyrope-Almandine)

   ֻ

ٸյ 縣ƾ
(Almandine-spessartine)

 

ũο ̷
(Chrome pyrope)

ٸյ(Almandine)

ֺ 

ҳƮ(Hessonite)

縣ƾ(Spessartine)

 

Ʈ(Topazolite)

Ȳ Ȳ

ȷ̾(Malaia)

Ȳ   ׸

ص巯Ʈ(Andradite)

Ȳ Ȳ ׸

̵(Demantoid)

Ȳ ص巯Ʈ

ںƮ(Tsavorite)

Ȳ

̷ 縣ƾ(Pyrope-Spessartine)

Ȳ ֻ

ȭ
(Color-change garnet)

ϱ û; ֺ

Ʈ ̵
(Transvaal "jade")

׷ν

ٷιƮ(Uvarovite)

׷(Grape)

ֻ

οƮ(Rhodolite)

ֺ

귯Ʈ(Xalostocite)

ȫ ׷ν

2. Ư >>>

5

Pyrope

̷,
ȫ()
()

 

6

Spessartine

縣ƾ,

( )

(Germany, Spessart)
Spessartite

7

Almandine

ٸյ,
()
()

Almandite

8

Uvarovite

ٷιƮ,
ȸ() ũ
()

 

9

Hessonite (Grossular Garnet)

ҳƮ,
(() )
()

Cinnamon stone (Madagascar)

10

Pink Grossular (Grossular Garnet)

ũ ׷ν,
(() )
(ȫ)

Resolite (Mexico)

11

Green Grossular (Grossular Garnet)

׸ ׷ν,
(())
()

Transvaal jade (South Africa)
Tsavorite (Kenya)

12

Garnet-Topped Doublet

-ž , ӵ

 

13

Andradite Garnet

ص巯Ʈ, ()

Demantoid

Topazolite

Melanite

Garnet and glass doublet

ӵ
( ص ۷ )

(glass) (״, garnet) . δ ٸյ (almandine garnet, ) ַ Ѵ. ϴ.

Victoriaô garnet doublet

κ ġ Ÿ.
պδ ȯ(girdle) , нƮ(crown facet) ִ Ϲ̴.

ռ (~, assembled stone)
2. Ư >>> 7. Almandine  12. Garnet-Topped Doublet
3. ս Ǻ >>> - / ӵ (Composite stones - Doublets and triplets)
 

Garnierite

Դ̼
(ϾƮ)

(nickel) ű״(magnesium) ԼԻ꿰(Щ߫) . (NiO:2~5 %) 漺(۰)̸ 1.57, ̹漺(۰), () 0~10 °, ⿡ 1.62~1.63̴.

  • : ܻ(Ӥͧ) , (ު)̸  ̷.
  • 浵 : 2~3
  • : 2.3~2.8
  • ȭ : H2(Ni,Mg)SiO4nH2O ̳ ʰ, ð ű״ ̸ 絵 ȭѴ.
  • : Ǵ
  • () : ,  
     

Gaspeite

Ʈ

ݱͼ(, semi-precious gemstone) (host rock) (inclusion) ϰ ִ. Gaspeite (٥, translucent) ̴. Ƹٿ ֱ  DZ , (silver) ĵȴ.

  • : ()
  • : 1.61 - 1.83
  • : Ȳ~
  • ȭ : (Ni, Mg, Fe)CO3
  • 浵 : 4.5 - 5
  • : 3.7
  • : ó ߰ߵǾ ̸ ٿ Canada Quebec Gaspé ݵ Western Australia Kambalda Widgie Mooltha
  • Ұ(?ͧ) ϴ. ̹Ƿ ޽ Ͽ Ѵ.

 

German lapis

ǽ
(, ܡ)
 

(jasper)
2. Ư >>>  50. Jasper

German silver

() Ǵ ()
( ǹ)

Nickel silver ϴ κ (copper)(뷫 60%) 20% (nickel) 20% ƿ(zinc) ׸ 5% ּ(tin) (ּ , ī(alpaca)) Ѵ) ̷ ձ(alloy)̴. German silver (silver)  ʴ. ձ 1860濡 빰μ Ͽ ߸Ǿ.

2. Ư >>> 2. Silver
 

Geuda

û()
()

û(sapphire)
2. Ư >>> 56. Colourless Sapphire

Girasol


(ʹܹ鼮, ӱ)

ξ عٸ(sunflower) ǹ Ȳ Ǵ ܹ鼮(ӱ, precious opal)̴. ̾Ž (hyacinth opal)̶ Ѵ. ֿ ε (ݩ , floating light) () ̴ ̴ ȿ(, play of color) Ÿ ִ.

Girasol = ܹ鼮 (opalescence, ޷)
2. Ư >>> 127. Opal
 

Glass

()()
(۷)

(imitation) μ Ϲ̴. ̽Ʈ(paste, ) Ҹ 쵵 ִ. (bead)(нƮ(facet)ϰų (Ϲ) ), ν(rhinestone) (poured glass)μ ȴ.

(()׹), crystal glass) Ų. ũ (crystal glass) ǥϱ ؼ ʿ ִٴ ִµ, Ϲ 24%̻ 츦 Ų. (reflective index) , ̰ ݻ ִ. , ( ϴ ֵ(, brilliancy) ǰ ȴ. ٸ, ŭ 浵 δ. , ű Ǵ Ϲ 1.70 ϰ ȴ.

丮 (Victoria stone)
(honeycomb structure) - (cat's eye)
۷(Slocum stone glass)
Ÿ ̵(Meta jade)

 

 

Goethite quartz

ħö ( )
(ŸƮ )

(quartz)
2. Ư >>> 45. Quartz with inclusions
 

Gold

()
()

ͱݼ (24 Kt.) ſ ε巴. (, ductile) ݼ ö ִ. ϰ ܴϰ Ͽ ձ(alloy)Ѵ (ٸ ݼ - Ϲ (silver) (copper) - ´). (, purity) karat(ij) ǥѴ.
Ϻ 鿡 1/1000 ǥϴ 3ڸ Ͽ  ( ʾ, hallmark) Ÿ. ڸ, 750 750/1000 (18K ); 500 500/1000 (12K ) ǹѴ. 
ձݵ Ÿ :

ݿ  ݼӵ

Ȳ ( , yellow gold)

50%(silver) 50%(copper)

( , white gold)

(nickel), ƿ(zinc), (copper), ּ(tin) ͰŴ(manganese)

ȫ ( , pink gold)(̺ )

90%(copper) 10%(silver)

( , green gold)

(silver) Ǵ ij̾(cadmium)

û ( , blue gold)

Ϻ ö(iron)

ȸ ( , grey gold)

15-20% ö

2. Ư >>> 1. Gold
 

Gold doré


(ݱ, )

(֨, semi-purified) (, ݱ)̴. ä ù ° ð ֱ(cast bar)(gold doré) µ, 뷫 90% Ѵ. ٸ 10% κ (silver) (copper) ݼӵ̴.

Gold doré vase

2. Ư >>> 1. Gold

Gold lip


(鿱)
 

Silver lip(鿱) .

Gold quartz

( )
( )

(quartz)
2. Ư >>> 45. Quartz with inclusions
 

Goldstone

Ȳݼ()
(彺)
 

 ۷(aventurine glass) .
 

Goshenite

켾Ʈ
( ּ, )

Goshenite (colorless) ּ(beryl) (emerald) (aquamarine) ִ. ܴϰ ù ߰ Massachusetts, Goshen ̸ ٿ. ̰ ȭ(enhance) ʴ´. 켾Ʈ (emerald) ϱ Ͽ (foil) ȴ.

2. Ư >>> 31. Goshenite
 

Granite

ȭ(˫)
(׷Ʈ)

(, quartz) 弮(, feldspar) ּ ϴ (أ) ϼ.
 


 

Grape garnet

׷
(ֻ , ״)

Grape garnet 幰, ֻ ֺ (garnet)̴. ׷ ٸմƮ(almandite) 縣ŸƮ(spessartite) ̷. 浵(hardness) 7-7.5 ̸ 3.8-3.9 ̴. ׷ ε ϼ Orissa ߰ߵȴ.

2. Ư >>> Garnet

Green diamond

̾յ (~)
(׸ ̾յ)

̾յ 幮 ҽ ̾յ(fancy diamond) ġ . ̾յ(diamond) ϰ ִ ź(carbon)̴; ̵ ܴ ˷ ִ.

2. Ư >>> 4. Diamond

Green garnet

( ״)
(׸ )

̵ (demantoid garnet) ġ ִ (garnet)̴. 뼮(״, andradite)(ܨ)̴.

2. Ư >>>  Garnet  13. Andradite garnet 
 

Green gold

( )
(׸ )

(copper) (silver) ձ(alloy) (gold)̴.

2. Ư >>> 1. Gold  2. Silver
 

Green sapphire)

û( )
׸ ̾

û(sapphire)
2. Ư >>> 57. Green Sapphire

 

Greenstone

׸
(, ~)

׸ (nephrite), ݱͼ(semi-precious stone) ׸  (jade) ٸ ̸̴. (nephrite) (jadeite) ټ ε巴 (vein) ִ; ̰ Ƹٿ ߵ ɺ (ʾ) ȴ.

Grey gold

ȸ ( )
(׷ )

ȸ 15-20% ö ձݵ (gold)̴.

2. Ư >>> 1.Gold
 

Griqualandite

׸Ʈ
(ȣȼ, )

South Africa Griqualand Ǵ ȣȼ(tiger's eye)̴. ̰ Ȳ (silky luster) ϰ ִ. Ȳ ̸ ϰ ִ; ݴ⿡ ٶ󺸸, ȴ. ȣȼ Ϲ ä(ܨ, chatoyancy) Ÿ ij(cabochon) (Ǵ Ǿ) ȴ. ȣȼ (inclusion)(Ư û(, crocidolite)) ؼ ä ִ (quartz)̴. ó(heat treat)ȴ. ȣȼ 浵 7.0 ̴.
 

2. Ư >>> 44. Chatoyant Quartz

Grossular garnet

׷ν
(켮, ״)

׷νƮ(grossularite) Ѵ. Grossular garnet (״, garnet) ̴. 뼮(״, andradite), ȸũ (uvarovite, ٷιƮ) Բ ׶Ʈ(ugrandite) 迭 ̷.

Grossular ù ° ߰ߵ ߺ Ư () (gooseberry, ġ䳪) Ĺи R.Grossularia Ѵ.

2. Ư >>>

9

Hessonite (Grossular Garnet)

ҳƮ, ()

Cinnamon stone (Madagascar)

10

Pink Grossular (Grossular Garnet)

ũ ׷ν, (ȫ)

Resolite (Mexico)

11

Green Grossular (Grossular Garnet)

׸ ׷ν, ()

Transvaal jade (South Africa)
Tsavorite (Kenya)

Gunmetal

()
(Ǹ)

90% (copper) 10% ּ(tin) ݼձ(û(, bronze))̴.

 

Gutta percha

Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo ߻ϴ Isonandra Gutta ̴. 1800 ߹ݿ gutta percha . Gutta percha ⼱ ϴ Ǿ. Gutta percha 1845⿡ Dr. Montgomerie ؼ Ǿ 1930 Ͽ.

Ʈ(ebonite)

Gypsum

()
¤

浵(Mohs hardness) 2 ؼ̸, Ϲ Ȳ꿰(߫, sulfate) ̴.

2. Ư >>> 115. Gypsum
 

G

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U-V-W-X-Y-Z

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U-V-W-X-Y-Z

  ڷ>>>>>> 9. ÿ ( )

ABC ü

ü

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